Richard Davies wrote: The UK has a good crop of technology pioneers in cloud computing - for example ElasticHosts, FlexiScale, Flexiant, OnApp - and also some strong government initiatives such as G-Cloud.
We will have to see whether this kind of technical leadership converts into swift mass-market adoption or not.
BRUSSELS, BELGIUM -- (MARKET WIRE) -- 11/23/06 -- UCB today announced that the
Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the
European Medicines Agency (EMEA) had issued a positive
opinion recommending that the European Commission grant a
marketing authorisation for Keppra® (levetiracetam) as
adjunctive therapy in the treatment of primary generalised
tonic-clonic (PGTC) seizures in adults and adolescents from
12 years of age with Idiopathic Generalised Epilepsy (IGE).
Keppra® is already licensed in the European Union as[2]:
-- Monotherapy in the treatment of partial onset seizures with
or without secondary generalisation in patients from 16 years of
age with newly diagnosed epilepsy
-- Adjunctive therapy for partial onset seizures with or without
secondary generalisation in adults and children from 4 years of
age with epilepsy
-- Adjunctive therapy for myoclonic seizures in adults and
adolescents from 12 years of age with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
(JME)
'The CHMP recommendation represents another important milestone
in the development program for Keppra®. In the clinical trial
supporting this application, Keppra® was well tolerated and
significantly reduced tonic-clonic seizures. We now look
forward to the determination of the European Commission,
and hopefully making Keppra® available to more patients with
generalised seizures.' Said Troy Cox, President CNS Operations,
UCB.
Key Study Results[1]
The efficacy and tolerability of adjunctive Keppra® treatment was
examined in a double-blind, placebo controlled study which
included
adults, adolescents and a limited number of children (the
intent-to-treat population consisted of 163 patients age range
4-65
years) suffering from IGE with uncontrolled PGTC seizures in
different syndromes, despite baseline treatment with one-two other
antiepileptic drugs. In the study patients were randomised to
either
Keppra® (3000 mg/day for adults and adolescents or 60 mg/kg/day
for
children), or placebo. A four-week double blind period of
up-titration was followed by a 20-week stable dose period[1].
Seizure freedom: during the stable dose period, 34.2% of those
who
took Keppra® were free from PGTC seizures compared with 10.7% of
those in the placebo group (p < 0.001).
Seizure frequency: during the total treatment period, 72.2% of
patients achieved at least a 50% reduction of PGTC seizure
frequency
per week, compared to 45.2% of placebo patients (p=0.0005).
Safety: an assessment of safety data showed similar findings to
the
established tolerability profile of Keppra®. The most
commonly
reported undesirable effect was fatigue. During the
double-blind
period, 1.3% of Keppra® patients and 4.8% of placebo
patients
withdrew due to adverse events.
About Idiopathic Generalised Epilepsy and Primary Generalised
Tonic-Clonic Seizures
Idiopathic generalised epilepsies (IGE) are a range of
generalised
epilepsies for which there is no obvious cause, other than
an
inherited (genetic) predisposition. They are characterised
by
generalised tonic-clonic, absence and myoclonic seizures.
Tonic-clonic seizures can be the most debilitating seizures type
within the
category of IGE[4]. These seizures begin with a sudden loss
of
consciousness and stiffening of the muscles, followed by
rapid
rhythmic jerking of the arms and legs. Other symptoms such as
a
change in heart rate and blood pressure, increased production
of
saliva and an increase in bladder pressure that often
causes
incontinence can also occur[4]. Epidemiological studies indicate
that
these generalised tonic-clonic seizures are common with
their
incidence estimated at 23% of all cases of epilepsy[5].
About Keppra® in Europe[2]
Keppra® is indicated as monotherapy in the treatment of partial
onset
seizures with or without secondary generalisation in patients
from
16 years of age with newly diagnosed epilepsy; as adjunctive
therapy
in the treatment of partial onset seizures with or without
secondary
generalisation in adults and children from 4 years of age
with
epilepsy; and as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of
myoclonic
seizures in adults and adolescents from 12 years of age with JME.
In
monotherapy the most commonly reported side effects were fatigue
and
somnolence. As adjunctive therapy in adults with partial
onset
seizures the most commonly reported side effects were
somnolence,
asthenia and dizziness. As adjunctive therapy in paediatric
patients
(4-16 years of age) with partial onset seizures the most
commonly
reported side effects were somnolence, hostility,
nervousness,
emotional lability, agitation, anorexia, asthenia and headache.
In
adults and adolescents with myoclonic seizures the most
common
reported side effects associated with Keppra® in combination
with
other AEDs were headache and somnolence. Keppra® is also
indicated
for intravenous administration and is available as 100
mg/ml
concentrate for solution for infusion. The most common adverse
events
from Keppra® intravenous use were dizziness, somnolence, headache
and
postural dizziness. Please consult local prescribing information.
About Keppra® in the US[3]
Keppra® is indicated as adjunctive therapy in the treatment
of
partial onset seizures in adults and children 4 years of age
and
older with epilepsy and as adjunctive therapy in the treatment
of
myoclonic seizures in adults and adolescents 12 years of age
and
older with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Keppra® is associated
with
the occurrence of central nervous system adverse events
including
somnolence and fatigue and behavioral abnormalities, as well
as
hematological abnormalities. In adults experiencing partial
onset
seizures, Keppra® is also associated with coordination
difficulties.
In pediatric patients 4-16 years of age experiencing partial
onset
seizures, the most common adverse events associated with Keppra®
in
combination with other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were
somnolence,
accidental injury, hostility, nervousness and asthenia. In
adults
experiencing partial onset seizures, the most common adverse
events
associated with Keppra® in combination with other AEDs
were
somnolence, asthenia, infection and dizziness. In adults
and
adolescents 12 years of age and older with juvenile
myoclonic
epilepsy, the most common adverse events associated with Keppra®
in
combination with other AEDs were somnolence, neck pain
and
pharyngitis. Keppra® is also available as an intravenous
formulation
for the adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures in adults
with
epilepsy. Keppra® injection is an alternative for patients when
oral
administration is temporarily not feasible. The adverse events
that
may result from Keppra® injection use for partial onset
seizures
include all those associated with Keppra® tablets and oral
solution.
For the U.S., prescribing information is available at
www.keppra.com.
About UCB
UCB (www.ucb-group.com) is a leading global biopharmaceutical
company
dedicated to the research, development and commercialisation
of
innovative pharmaceutical and biotechnology products in the fields
of
central nervous system disorders, allergy/respiratory
diseases,
immune and inflammatory disorders and oncology -- UCB focuses
on
securing a leading position in severe disease categories.
Employing
over 8,300 people in over 40 countries, UCB achieved revenue of
2.3
billion euro in 2005. UCB is listed on the Euronext
Brussels
Exchange. Worldwide headquarters are located in Brussels, Belgium.
References
[1] Rosenfeld WE, Berkovic S, Knowlton R on behalf of Lev N01057
PGTC
Study Group. Efficacy and safety of levetiracetam as adjunctive
treatment in adult and paediatric patients suffering from
idiopathic
generalized epilepsy with primary generalized tonic-clonic
seizures.
[abstract]. Neurology 2006; 66 (5 Suppl 2): A40
[2] Summary of Product Characteristics
[3] U.S. Full Prescribing Information Keppra® tablets and oral
solution Rev 23E 10/2006 and Keppra® injection Rev 2E 10/2006
(available at www.Keppra.com)